Style and maktab of Persian carpet
Before dealing with different styles of Persian shop carpet, it is necessary to get acquainted with the style as well as the maktab (school) in the field of hand-woven carpets. The sum of the features that make up the identity of a hand-woven carpet is called style.(Style and maktab of Persian carpet)
These characteristics are divided into two categories: deliberate and accidental. Accidental characteristics are affected by cultural and geographical elements. Geographical elements like the climate, the type of raw materials and local dyeing plants and cultural elements such as regional or local traditions, which different tribes follow in the weaving and the method of using any carpet or hand-woven item.
Deliberate characteristics include tastes, personal preferences and tendencies that vary from person to person and may change over time. It should be added that accidental characteristics have a great impact on the identity of the carpet.
Maktab is different to style, and is best described as sum of personal tastes and tendencies that make up the identity of a hand-woven carpet.
and differences, a style, rural style somehow related is therefore con classification.Hence, the creator of each carpet is known as the owner of that maktab and can choose to deny environmental and accidental factors or pay minimum attention to them.
By closely studying well-known carpets of each maktab, we can further categorize maktab owners of the Persian carpet in three categories. First, designers whose ideas and designs in the form of design plates are transferred to the carpet by another group. Such carpets are defined by the ideas and the creativity of their designers.(Style and maktab of Persian carpet)
Artist designers like Isa Bahadori, Reza Vafa Kashani, Asadollah Daqiqi, Hasan Khan Shahrokhi, Hosein Taherzadeh Behzad and many more. Second, those who don’t ever make a design or dye or weave a carpet, manage a group of artists including designers, weavers, etc. in order to fulfill their ideas. In this way, they acquire a special and exclusive maktab in carpet- weaving or other handwoven items.Artists such as Mohammad Arjmand Kermani, Sadeq Seyrafian, Abdolmohammad Amoghli, Ali-Khan Amoghli, Haj category. Jalil Marandi, Yousef Zanjani, etc. fall under this category.(Style and maktab of Persian carpet)
The third group of maktab owners, mostly contemporary artists that includes a much smaller number are artists who create their own unique designs and lead weavers, dyers and even other designers to create rugs with their desired style and taste. Artists like Akbar Mahdiei, Feyzollah Safdarzadeh Haghighi, etc ,belong to this group.(Style and maktab of Persian carpet)
Now with more information on style and maktab of the Persian carpet we proceed to classifying different styles of Persian carpet as the most important step in being acquainted with Persian carpet.
All carpets woven in Iran, regardless of some similarities and differences, are classified into three styles: nomadic style, rural style and town style. This classification is somehow related to the Iranian social way of life and is therefore considered a scientific and sociological classification.(Style and maktab of Persian carpet)
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present carpets whose makers have maktabs of their own among contemporary town carpet producers.
Each maktab owner may have one or more styles of weaving. Master Abolfazl Rajabian particularly applies roses in his designs He was the first to use such patterns in the region of Qom and now he has his own maktab among Qom silk carpet producers.
Master Feyzollah Safdarzadeh Haghighi who uses patterns like mural paintings and tile- decorations in Esfahan carpet, has his own maktab with specific characteristics among Esfahan carpet producers.